Effects of antioxidants in the protection of infrared radiation-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human dermal fibroblast
Author: Samara Eberlin
Published at: March 21, 2014
72nd Annual Meeting AAD - American Academy of Dermatology, Denver, USA, March 21-25, 2014.
Eberlin S, Pereira AFC, Polettini AJ, Weisz LTM, Mendes C, Lage R, Costa A.
Physiological doses of infrared A radiation (IR-A) lead to a disturbance of the dermal extracellular matrix by upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity1. As such, infrared induces cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and oxidative stress2. Even though no specific chemical or physical filters directed against IR-A are available, there is an alternative that can provide broader-spectrum sunscreen and favor protection against photodamage, using antioxidant ingredients3, such as Thermus Thermophilus Ferment (FThe)4 and Carnosine (FCar)5.
In this study, we evaluated the in vitro effects of two formulations containing the antioxidant ingredients FThe and FCar in the prevention of IR-A-induced damage in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) through MMP-1 production. HDF were incubated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of FCar and FThe (0.316, 0.100, and 0.0316 mg/mL). Cells were exposed to a non-cytotoxic dose3 of 360 J/cm2 IR-A radiation, using a Hydrosun 750T IR-A device, and the irradiance was measured using a Hydrosun HBM1 irradiance measuring device. The levels of MMP-1 were measured after 72 hours in culture supernatant using a commercially available kit.
Our results demonstrated that irradiation with infrared A resulted in a significant (P<0.0001, ANOVA-Tukey) upregulation of MMP-1 production (8.37±0.44 ng/mL), 1.7-fold compared to the non-irradiated group (4.91±0.64 ng/mL). FCar at 0.0316 mg/mL produced a significant reduction (P<0.01, ANOVA-Tukey) in the release of MMP-1 by human fibroblasts (6.48±0.66 ng/mL) compared to the IR-A group. More pronounced effects (P<0.001, ANOVA-Tukey) were observed for FThe at 0.100 and 0.0316 mg/mL, promoting reductions of up to 1.35-fold (6.18±0.51 ng/mL and 6.29±0.30 ng/mL, respectively) in the levels of MMP-1 when compared to the IR-A group.
The formulations containing FCar and FThe are suitable for protecting against IR-A-induced MMP-1 upregulation in vitro in human dermal fibroblast cell culture. These effects can be attributed, at least in part, to the known antioxidant activity of these compounds, although the precise mechanisms remain to be clarified.